Essential French Expression
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Meaning | this is, it is… | |
Register | normal, informal | |
Pronunciation | ![]() |
[seh] |
IPA | [sɛ] |
Notes: C’est, literally "this is," is the required contraction of ce + est. It’s one of the most important French expressions with a few possible meanings:
- this is
- that it
- it is
- he/she is
- the one (in the construction c’est ___ qui)
In front of a plural noun, c’est becomes ce sont – or, at least, it’s supposed to. In reality, many people say c’est anyway.
- these are
- those are
- they are
- the ones (in the construction ce sont ___ qui)
Using c’est / ce sont
C’est and ce sont can be used in front of
1) Nouns modified by an article and/or adjective.
C’est un projet intéressant. | It’s an interesting project. | |
C’est (Ce sont) nos vélos. | These are our bikes. |
C’est is also used with people in this construction.
C’est un garçon ! | It’s a boy! | |
Oui, je connais Philippe. C’est mon jardinier. | Yes, I know Philippe. He’s my gardener. |
2) Names
– C’est qui à l’appareil ? – C’est Béatrice. |
– Who’s calling? – It’s Béatrice. |
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C’est Françoise qui a trouvé la solution. | It was Françoise who found the solution, Françoise is the one who found the solution. |
– C’est qui à l’appareil ? – C’est moi. |
– Who’s calling? – It’s me. |
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C’est (Ce sont) elles qui veulent partir. | They’re the ones who want to leave. |
C’est à + noun or stressed pronoun indicates possession.
Using c’est
Only c’est can be used in these constructions:
1) Dates and calendar words
Aujourd’hui, c’est le 1er mai. | Today is May 1st. | |
La prochaine sortie, c’est mardi. | The next outing is on Tuesday. | |
C’est en août. | It’s in August. |
2) Adjectives that describe either something already mentioned or a general idea.*
Visite la Guadeloupe, c’est magnifique. | Visit Guadeloupe, it’s magnificent. | |
C’est bizarre ! | That’s weird! |
* Note that the adjective is always invariable.
C’est can introduce an explanation.
C’est pourquoi je suis parti. | That’s why I left. | |
C’est comment il l’a fait. | That’s how he did it. |
Synonym: voilà
4) Impersonal expressions
C’est is informal when used in impersonal expressions.
C’est difficile d’étudier ici. | It’s difficult to study here. | |
C’est fort probable que le voyage va être annulé. | It’s very likely that the trip will be cancelled. |
5) C’est is also used informally after abstract subjects – see Informal pronouns, "Extra c’est."
Beyond the present
C’est can be used in any tense and mood, just conjugate être accordingly.
C’était très intéressant. | It was very interesting. | |
Il faut que ce soit parfait. | It has to be perfect. | |
J’espère que ce sera facile. | I hope it will be easy. |
Expressions with c’est and ce n’est pas
- C’est-à-dire
- C’est cadeau
- C’est dans la poche
- C’est la vie
- C’est le pied
- C’est parti
- Ce n’est pas de la tarte
- Ce n’est pas grave
- Ce n’est pas la mer à boire
- Ce n’est pas mardi gras aujourd’hui
- Ce n’est pas terrible
- Ce n’est pas tes oignons
- Ce n’est pas vrai
- Est-ce que
- N’est-ce pas
- Plus ça change, plus c’est la même chose
- Texting abbreviations: C, Cé
Related lessons
- C’ and other contractions
- Ce and other indefinite demonstrative pronouns
- C’est vs Il est
- Être conjugations
- Impersonal expressions
- Invariable adjectives
- Verb tenses and moods
- Voilà
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C’est parfait!