Non-adjectives

French adjectivesAdjectives comprise one of the eight French parts of speech, but certain members of other grammatical categories can sometimes be used as adjectives. These "non-adjectives" are invariable: there's no gender/number agreement with the nouns they modify.

   

Nouns

French nounsOne of the eight parts of speech, a noun is commonly defined as "a person, place, or thing." If that seems vague, that's because it is.

   

   

   

   

Number Troubles

French numbersThe French numbering system is infamous for the compound expressions found between 70 and 99. But that's not all: there are also a number (ha ha) of tricky expressions with some of the single digits, both ordinal and cardinal.

   

   

Object Pronouns

French object pronounsDirect and indirect objects can be hard to understand even in your native language, and replacing them with object pronouns adds an extra layer of difficulty, particularly in French.

   

   

Omitting Auxiliary Verbs

French auxiliary verbsBy definition, compound tenses and moods require an auxiliary verb plus past participle. However, when using two or more compound conjugations with the same subject, you don't always need to include the auxiliary verb for each one.

   

On – Subject Pronoun

On - indefinite French subject pronounThe indefinite French subject pronoun on literally means "one," but is usually translated by an indefinite subject. Agreement with the subject implied by on is optional - at least in theory.

   

On vs l’on

On vs l'on - French pronunciationWhat's the difference between on and l'on? In a nutshell, on is sometimes preceded by l' for reasons of euphony.

   

Only and Not Only

Only in FrenchThere isn't only one way to say "only" in French. (See what I did there?) The English adverb "only" is used to restrict the verb, clause, or noun it modifies, and the most common ways to translate this into French are with seulement and ne ... que. While they both mean "only," they have different grammar rules.