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French Preposition
The preposition à is generally summarized as "to, at, or in," but it has quite a few more meanings and uses than that.
When à is followed by the definite article le or les, the two words must contract.
| le | les | But… | la | l’ | ||||||
| à | au | aux | à la | à l’ |
However, à does not contract with the direct objects le and les.
Je me prépare à le faire – I’m getting ready to do it.
The preposition à is used for …
1) Destination |
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| Nous allons à Nice. | We’re going to Nice. | |
| Je veux conduire à la poste. | I want to drive to the post office. | |
2) Location |
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| Habitez-vous à Toulouse ? | Do you live in Toulouse? | |
| Elle est à l’école. | She’s at school. | |
3) Distance |
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| Nous sommes à deux kilomètres de la plage. | We’re two kilometers from the beach. | |
| Il habite à 20 minutes d’ici. | He lives 20 minutes away from here. | |
4) Point in time |
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| Elle va arriver à midi. | She’ll arrive at noon. | |
| J’ai publié mon premier livre à 25 ans. | I published my first book at 25. | |
5) Until |
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| à demain | until tomorrow | |
| à la prochaine | until next time | |
6) Range |
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| Il me faut 2 à 3 heures pour le faire. | I need 2 to 3 hours to do it. | |
| du lundi au samedi | from Monday to Saturday | |
7) Purpose or use |
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| un verre à vin | wine glass (glass for wine) | |
| un sac à main | hand bag | |
8) Characteristic |
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| une fille au teint pâle | pale-skinned girl | |
| chaussures à talon haut | high-heeled shoes | |
9) Manner or style |
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| une robe à manches | dress with sleeves | |
| un tapis fait à la machine | machine-made rug | |
10) Measurement |
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| acheter au kilo | to buy by the kilo | |
| faire du 110 km à l’heure | to go 110 km per hour | |
11) Possession |
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| C’est à moi. | It’s mine. | |
| Cet argent est à Michel. | This is Michel’s money. | |
12) In the passive infinitive |
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| à vendre | for sale | |
| Nous n’avons rien à faire. | We have nothing to do. | |
13) After verbs |
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| Many verbs must be followed by à in front of a noun or infinitive. | ||
14) After adjectives |
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| Some adjectives must be followed by à in front of a noun or infinitive. | ||
Related lessons
- Adjectives with à
- Verbs with à
- Telling time
- À vs de
- Geographical prepositions
- Temporal prepositions
- Introduction to prepositions
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