Conjugaisons du participe passé
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Regular French verbs, stem-changing verbs, and a few irregular verbs conjugate the past participle by dropping the infinitive ending to find the stem, then adding the past participle ending for that type of verb:
Par exemple…
| -er verbs | stem-changing | -ir verbs | -re verbs | |
| donner (to give) |
appeler (to call) |
choisir (to choose) |
perdre (to lose) |
|
| stem | donn- | appel- | chois- | perd- |
| ending | -é | -é | -i | -u |
| past participle | donné | appelé | choisi | perdu |
Most irregular verbs have irregular past participles:
| verb | past participle | |
| acquérir | acquis | |
| apprendre | appris | |
| atteindre | atteint | |
| avoir | eu | |
| boire | bu | |
| comprendre | compris | |
| conduire | conduit | |
| connaître | connu | |
| construire | construit | |
| courir | couru | |
| couvrir | couvert | |
| craindre | craint | |
| croire | cru | |
| décevoir | déçu | |
| découvrir | découvert | |
| devoir | dû | |
| dire | dit | |
| écrire | écrit | |
| être | été | |
| faire | fait | |
| instruire | instruit | |
| joindre | joint | |
| lire | lu | |
| mettre | mis | |
| mourir | mort | |
| naître | né | |
| offrir | offert | |
| ouvrir | ouvert | |
| paraître | paru | |
| peindre | peint | |
| pouvoir | pu | |
| prendre | pris | |
| produire | produit | |
| recevoir | reçu | |
| savoir | su | |
| souffrir | souffert | |
| suivre | suivi | |
| tenir | tenu | |
| venir | venu | |
| vivre | vécu | |
| voir | vu | |
| vouloir | voulu |
The French past participle always needs to agree when it is used in the passive voice or as an adjective.
In compound tenses, it may need to agree – learn more.
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