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French Preposition
The preposition dans usually means "in," but as always there are exceptions.
Dans can’t be followed directly by a noun – it’s always followed by some kind of determiner, such as an article or possessive adjective.
1) Location – "in" |
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| "in" | |||||
| Mets les livres dans le carton. | Put the books in the box. | ||||
| Je le garde dans le tiroir. | I keep it in the drawer. | ||||
| Il l’a trouvé dans la rue. | He found it in the street. | ||||
| "on" | |||||
| dans l’avion | on the plane | ||||
| dans l’escalier | on the stairs | ||||
| dans le train | on the train | ||||
2) Destination – "into, for" |
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| pénétrer dans la forêt | to enter the forest | ||||
| partir dans les montages | to leave for the mountains | ||||
| jeter les restes dans la poubelle | to throw the leftovers into the garbage | ||||
3) Figurative Location – "in, under" |
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| dans cette situation | in this situation | ||||
| dans ces conditions | under these conditions | ||||
| être dans les affaires / l’assurance | to be in business / insurance | ||||
4) Provenance – "from, out of" |
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| boire dans un verre | to drink out of a glass | ||||
| copier une phrase dans un livre | to copy a sentence from a book | ||||
| prendre une allumette dans la boîte | to take a match from the box | ||||
5) Period of Time – "in, during" |
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| dans ma jeunesse | in my youth | ||||
| dans la semaine à venir | during the next week | ||||
| dans le cours de l’année | during the course of the year | ||||
6) Amount of Time – "in" |
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| Je vais arriver dans une heure. | I’ll be there in an hour. | ||||
| Nous partons dans une semaine. | We’re leaving in a week. | ||||
| Il sera prêt dans quelques minutes. | He’ll be ready in a few minutes. | ||||
7) After Verbs |
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| Many verbs must be followed by dans in front of a noun. | |||||
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