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Consonnes en IPA
French has a total of 20 French consonant sounds, and thus 20 IPA symbols for these sounds. However, three of these sounds are only in words borrowed from other languages and one is very rare, so there are really just 16 French essential consonant sounds.
Click the links under "spelling" for detailed lessons on those letters, and the links under "examples" for sound files.
| IPA | Spelling | Examples | Notes |
| [b] | B | bus – barbe | |
| [k] | C CH CK K QU |
content psychologie ticket parking chèque |
|
| [d] | D | degré – grande | |
| [f] | F PH |
février – soif téléphone |
|
| [g] | G | guichet – agacé | |
| [ʒ] | G J |
gêner – sage juin – trajet |
|
| [h] | H | hé – hou | always optional |
| [ l ] | L | laver – gallois | |
| [m] | M | melon – numéro | |
| [n] | N | neige – carnet | |
| [ɲ] | GN | ligne – espagnol | |
| [ŋ] | NG | building | words from English |
| [p] | P | poivron – surpris | |
| [ʀ] | R | rose – priorité | |
| [s] | C C S SC SS TI X |
cicatrice garçon sage sciences grosse circulation six |
|
| [ʃ] | CH SH |
enchanté short |
|
| [t] | D T TH |
quand on ticket – honteux athlétique |
only in liaisons |
| [v] | F V W |
neuf ans voleur wagon |
only in liaisons words from German |
| [x] | J KH |
jota cheikh |
words from Spanish words from Arabic |
| [z] | S X Z |
gasoil deux enfants néo-zélandais |
only in liaisons |
Related lessons
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Verb conjugation tables for more than 1,600 French verbs in all the simple and compound tenses and moods.
In English, we say that the vowels are “a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y.” The last couple of words hint at one of the keys to understanding pronunciation: a vowel is not so much a letter as the sound represented by a letter or combination of letters.
