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Essential French Expression
| Meaning | including, included | |
| Literally | there included | |
| Register | normal | |
| Pronunciation |  |
[ee ko(n) pree] |
| IPA | [i kɔ̃ pri] | |
Usage notes: The adverbial French expression y compris is the most idiomatic way to say "including":
Par exemple…
| Ça coûte 25 € y compris les frais de livraison. | It costs €25 including shipping. | |
| J’ai tout nettoyé, y compris les fenêtres. | I cleaned everything, including the windows. |
Synomym: incluant (present participle of inclure – to include)
Y compris can also mean "included."
Par exemple…
| Ça coûte 25 €, les frais de livraison y compris. | It costs €25, shipping included. | |
| J’ai tout nettoyé, les fenêtres y comprises. | I cleaned everything, windows included. |
Note that compris (the past participle of comprendre) acts an adjective here and must therefore agree with the noun it modifies.
Synonym: inclus (past participle of inclure)
Antonyms
- à l’exception de
- hors
- non compris
- non inclus
- sans
Related lessons
- Y – adverbial pronoun
- Comprendre – to understand, to include
- Adjectives
- Past participles
- Present participles
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Verb conjugation tables for more than 1,600 French verbs in all the simple and compound tenses and moods.
In English, we say that the vowels are “a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y.” The last couple of words hint at one of the keys to understanding pronunciation: a vowel is not so much a letter as the sound represented by a letter or combination of letters.