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French Motto
| Meaning | broken but not beaten | |
| Literally | wave-tossed but not sunken | |
| Register | normal | |
| Pronunciation | [fluk twaht nehk mehr gee tur] | |
| IPA | [flyk tɥat nɛk mɛʀ gi tyʀ] | |
Usage notes: The Latin phrase Fluctuat nec mergitur has been a motto of the city of Paris since at least 1580, and the official motto since 1853.* In French, it may be translated as Elle est agitée par les vagues / battue par les flots, mais ne sombre pas: Paris may be tossed by the waves, but she will never sink; she is indestructible.
Fluctuat nec mergitur feels particularly poignant after national tragedy. It’s used as a rallying cry for rebuilding and recovering and typically trends on social media.
- April 2019 Notre Dame fire (news video)
- Notre Dame de Paris, by Victor Hugo
Related lessons
- Patriotic French expressions
- More Latin in French: a priori
* Source: Les devises des villes de France, by Henri Tausin




Verb conjugation tables for more than 1,600 French verbs in all the simple and compound tenses and moods.
In English, we say that the vowels are “a, e, i, o, u, and sometimes y.” The last couple of words hint at one of the keys to understanding pronunciation: a vowel is not so much a letter as the sound represented by a letter or combination of letters.